TCP/IP, which was developed by The Defence Data Network, stands for Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol and is a set of networking protocols that allows for two computers or more to communicate with each other. The internet protocol suite is the computer networking model and a set of communications protocols used on the internet and other similar computer networks. it is known as the tcp/ip since it's most important sets of protocols; the transmission control PROTOCOL and the internet protocol were the first networking protocols defined during its development. the development of the networking model was funded by darpa an agency which is an agency apart of the united states department of defense.
TCP/IP provides data communication which SPECIFies how data should be either packaged, addressed, transmitted, routed or received. this was organized into four abstraction layers which is used to sort all related protocols ACCORDING to the scope of the networking involved. from the lowest and ranked to the highest, the layers used are;
link layer: this layer contains communication methods for data that remains within a single network segment.
INTERNET LAYER: THIS LAYER CONNECTS INDEPENDENT NETWORKS.
transport layer: this layer handles host to host communication.
application layer: this layer provides process to process date exchange for various applications.